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| TC7116/A/TC7117/A 3-1/2 Digit Analog-to-Digital Converters with Hold Features: * Low Temperature Drift Internal Reference: - TC7116/TC7117 80 ppm/C, Typ. - TC7116A/TC7117A 20 ppm/C, Typ. * Display Hold Function * Directly Drives LCD or LED Display * Zero Reading with Zero Input * Low Noise for Stable Display: - 2V or 200mV Full Scale Range (FSR) * Auto-Zero Cycle Eliminates Need for Zero * Adjustment Potentiometer * True Polarity Indication for Precision Null Applications * Convenient 9V Battery Operation: (TC7116/TC7116A) * High-Impedance CMOS Differential Inputs: 1012 * Low-Power Operation: 10mW General Description: The TC7116A/TC7117A are 3-1/2 digit CMOS Analogto-Digital Converters (ADCs) containing all the active components necessary to construct a 0.05% resolution measurement system. Seven-segment decoders, polarity and digit drivers, voltage reference, and clock circuit are integrated on-chip. The TC7116A drives Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) and includes a backplane driver. The TC7117A drives common anode Light Emitting Diode (LED) displays directly with an 8mA drive current per segment. These devices incorporate a display hold (HLDR) function. The displayed reading remains indefinitely, as long as HLDR is held high. Conversions continue, but output data display latches are not updated. The reference low input (VREF-) is not available, as it is with the TC7106/7107. VREF- is tied internally to analog common in the TC7116A/7117A devices. The TC7116A/7117A reduces linearity error to less than 1 count. Rollover error (the difference in readings for equal magnitude but opposite polarity input signals) is below 1 count. High-impedance differential inputs offer 1pA leakage current and a 1012 input impedance. The 15VP-P noise performance enables a "rock solid" reading. The auto-zero cycle ensures a zero display reading with a 0V input. The TC7116A and TC7117A feature a precision, low drift internal reference, and are functionally identical to the TC7116/TC7117. A low drift external reference is not normally required with the TC7116A/TC7117A. Applications: * Thermometry * Bridge Readouts: Strain Gauges, Load Cells, Null Detectors * Digital Meters: Voltage/Current/Ohms/Power, pH * Digital Scales, Process Monitors * Portable Instrumentation Device Selection Table Package Code CPL IJL CKW CLW Package 40-Pin PDIP 40-Pin CERDIP 44-Pin PQFP 44-Pin PLCC Temperature Range 0C to +70C -25C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 1 TC7116/A/TC7117/A Package Type 40-Pin PDIP HLDR 1 D1 2 C1 3 1's B1 4 A1 5 F1 6 G1 7 E1 8 D2 9 C2 10 10's 40 OSC1 39 OSC2 38 OSC3 37 TEST 36 VREF+ 35 V+ 34 CREF+ 1's HLDR 1 D1 2 C1 3 B1 4 A1 5 F1 6 G1 7 E1 8 D2 9 40-Pin CERDIP 40 OSC1 39 OSC2 38 OSC3 37 TEST 36 VREF+ 35 V+ 34 CREF+ 33 CREF- TC7116CPL 33 CREFTC7116ACPL 32 COMMON TC7117CPL 31 VIN+ TC7117ACPL 30 VINB2 11 A2 12 F2 13 E2 14 D3 15 B3 16 F3 17 E3 18 29 CAZ 28 VBUFF 27 VINT 26 V25 G2 24 C3 23 A3 22 G3 21 BP/GND (TC7116/7117) (TC7116A/TC7117A) 10's TC7116IJL 32 COMMON TC7116AIJL 31 V + C2 10 IN TC7117IJL B2 11 30 VINTC7117AIJL A2 12 29 CAZ F2 13 E2 14 D3 15 B3 16 F3 17 E3 18 AB4 19 28 VBUFF 27 VINT 26 V25 G2 24 C3 23 A3 22 G3 21 BP/GND (TC7116/7117) (TC7116A/TC7117A) 100's 100's 100's 1000's 100's 1000's AB4 19 POL 20 (Minus Sign) POL 20 (Minus Sign) 44-Pin PLCC VREF+ CREF+ VREF+ 44-Pin PQFP COMMON OSC2 OSC3 TEST VBUFF CREF- HLDR OSC1 VIN+ NC VIN- C1 D1 A1 B1 VINT CAZ V+ 6 F1 7 G1 8 E1 9 D2 10 C2 11 NC 12 B2 13 A2 14 F2 15 E2 16 D3 17 5 4 3 2 1 44 43 42 41 40 39 V+ 38 CREF+ 37 CREF36 COMMON 35 VIN+ 34 NC 33 VIN32 CAZ 31 VBUFF 30 VINT 29 VNC 1 NC 2 TEST 3 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 NC 32 G3 31 C3 30 A3 29 G3 28 BP/ GND 27 POL 26 AB4 25 E3 24 F3 23 B3 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 A1 G1 E1 D2 C2 B2 A2 E2 D3 F1 F2 OSC3 4 NC 5 TC7116CLW TC7116ACLW TC7117CLW TC7117ACLW OSC2 6 OSC1 7 HLDR 8 D1 9 C1 10 TC7116CKW TC7116ACKW TC7117CKW TC7117ACKW B1 11 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 POL NC BP/ GND G3 A3 C3 AB4 G2 B3 E3 F3 Note 1: 2: NC = No internal connection. Pins 9, 25, 40 and 56 are connected to the die substrate. The potential at these pins is approximately V+. No external connections should be made. DS21457C-page 2 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. V- TC7116/A/TC7117/A Typical Application TC7116/A TC7117/A LCD Display (TC7116/7116A) or Common Anode LED Display 33 1 34 (TC7117/7117A) CREF+ CREF- HLDR 31 2-19 Segment VIN+ 22-25 Drive POL 20 30 VINBackplane Drive Minus Sign BP/GND 21 ANALOG 32 COMMON V+ 35 28 47k 0.22F 0.47F 0.1F Display Hold 1M + Analog Input - 0.01F 24k VBUFF 36 VREF + 9V 29 CAZ VREF+ 100mV 1k 27 V INT V- 26 OSC2 OSC3 OSC1 39 38 COSC 40 ROSC 100k To Analog Common (Pin 32) 100pF 3 Conversions Per Second (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 3 TC7116/A/TC7117/A 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS *Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Absolute Maximum Ratings* Supply Voltage: TC7116/TC7116A (V+ to V-) ...........................15V TC7117/TC7117A (V+ to GND) .......................+6V V- to GND.........................................................-9V Analog Input Voltage (Either Input) (Note 1) ... V+ to VReference Input Voltage (Either Input) ............ V+ to VClock Input: TC7116/TC7116A............................... TEST to V+ TC7117/TC7117A.................................GND to V+ Package Power Dissipation; TA 70C (Note 2) 40-Pin CDIP ................................................2.29W 40-Pin PDIP ................................................1.23W 44-Pin PLCC ...............................................1.23W 44-Pin PQFP ...............................................1.00W Operating Temperature: C (Commercial) Device ................... 0C to +70C I (Commercial) Device.................... 0C to +70C Storage Temperature..........................-65C to +150C TABLE 1-1: TC7116/A AND TC7117/A ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply to both the TC7116/A and TC7117/A at TA = 25C, fCLOCK = 48kHz. Parts are tested in the circuit of the Typical Operating Circuit. Symbol ZIR Parameter Zero Input Reading Ratiometric Reading R/O Rollover Error (Difference in Reading for Equal Positive and Negative Readings Near Full Scale) Linearity (Maximum Deviation from Best Straight Line Fit) CMRR eN IL Common Mode Rejection Ratio (Note 3) Noise (Peak to Peak 95% of Time) Leakage Current at Input Zero Reading Drift Min -- 999 -1 Typ 0 999/1000 0.2 Max -- 1000 +1 Unit Test Conditions Digital VIN = 0V Reading Full Scale = 200mV Digital VIN = VREF Reading VREF = 100mV Counts VIN- = + VIN+ 200mV or 2V Counts V/V V pA V/C V/C Full Scale = 200mV or 2V VCM = 1V, VIN = 0V Full Scale = 200mV VIN = 0V Full Scale = 200mV VIN = 0V VIN = 0V "C" Device = 0C to +70C "I" Device = -25C to +85C -1 -- -- -- -- -- 0.2 50 15 1 0.2 1.0 +1 -- -- 10 1 2 Note 1: 2: 3: 4: Input voltages may exceed the supply voltages provided the input current is limited to 100A. Dissipation rating assumes device is mounted with all leads soldered to printed circuit board. Refer to "Differential Input" discussion. Backplane drive is in phase with segment drive for "OFF" segment, 180 out of phase for "ON" segment. Frequency is 20 times conversion rate. Average DC component is less than 50mV. 5: The TC7116/TC7116A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to TEST, Pin 37. The TC7117/TC7117A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to GND, Pin 21. DS21457C-page 4 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7116/A/TC7117/A TABLE 1-1: TC7116/A AND TC7117/A ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (CONTINUED) Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise noted, specifications apply to both the TC7116/A and TC7117/A at TA = 25C, fCLOCK = 48kHz. Parts are tested in the circuit of the Typical Operating Circuit. Symbol TCSF Parameter Scale Factor Temperature Coefficient Min -- Typ 1 Max 5 Unit ppm/C Test Conditions VIN = 199mV, "C" Device = 0C to +70C (Ext. Ref = 0ppmC) "I" Device = -25C to +85C (Note 5) TC7116/A Only TC7117/A Only Both VIN = 0V 25k Between Common and Positive Supply "C" Device: 0C to +70C TC7116A/TC7117A TC7116/TC7117 V+ to V- = 9V (Note 4) V+ to V- = 9V (Note 4) V+ = 5.0V Segment Voltage = 3V V+ = 5.0V Segment Voltage = 3V -- Input Resistance, Pin 1 VIL, Pin 1 VIL, Pin 1 VIH, Pin 1 IDD VC VCTC Supply Current (Does not Include LED Current for TC7117/A) Analog Common Voltage (with Respect to Positive Supply) Temperature Coefficient of Analog Common (with Respect to Positive Supply) TC7116/TC7117A ONLY Peak to Peak Segment Drive Voltage TC7116A/TC7116A ONLY Peak to Peak Backplane Drive Voltage TC7117/TC7117A ONLY Segment Sinking Current (Except Pin 19) TC7117/TC7117A ONLY Segment Sinking Current (Pin 19 Only) Note 1: 2: 3: 4: 30 -- -- V+ - 1.5 -- 2.4 -- -- 70 -- -- -- 0.8 3.05 -- 20 80 5 5 20 -- Test + 1.5 GND + 1.5 -- 1.8 3.35 -- 50 -- 6 6 ppm/C k V V V mA V -- ppm/C ppm/C V V VSD VBD 4 4 5 8 -- mA 10 16 -- mA Input voltages may exceed the supply voltages provided the input current is limited to 100A. Dissipation rating assumes device is mounted with all leads soldered to printed circuit board. Refer to "Differential Input" discussion. Backplane drive is in phase with segment drive for "OFF" segment, 180 out of phase for "ON" segment. Frequency is 20 times conversion rate. Average DC component is less than 50mV. 5: The TC7116/TC7116A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to TEST, Pin 37. The TC7117/TC7117A logic inputs have an internal pull-down resistor connected from HLDR, Pin 1 to GND, Pin 21. (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 5 TC7116/A/TC7117/A 2.0 PIN DESCRIPTIONS The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 2-1. TABLE 2-1: Pin Number (40-Pin PDIP) (40-Pin CERDIP) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 PIN FUNCTION TABLE Pin Number (44-Pin PQFP) 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 34 35 Symbol HLDR D1 C1 B1 A1 F1 G1 E1 D2 C2 B2 A2 F2 E2 D3 B3 F3 E3 AB4 POL BP/ GND G3 A3 C3 G2 VVINT Description Hold pin, Logic 1 holds present display reading. Activates the D section of the units display. Activates the C section of the units display. Activates the B section of the units display. Activates the A section of the units display. Activates the F section of the units display. Activates the G section of the units display. Activates the E section of the units display. Activates the D section of the tens display. Activates the C section of the tens display. Activates the B section of the tens display. Activates the A section of the tens display. Activates the F section of the tens display. Activates the E section of the tens display. Activates the D section of the hundreds display. Activates the B section of the hundreds display. Activates the F section of the hundreds display. Activates the E section of the hundreds display. Activates both halves of the 1 in the thousands display. Activates the negative polarity display. LCD backplane drive output (TC7116/TC7116A). Digital ground (TC7117/TC7117A). Activates the G section of the hundreds display. Activates the A section of the hundreds display. Activates the C section of the hundreds display. Activates the G section of the tens display. Negative power supply voltage. Integrator output. Connection point for integration capacitor. See Section 4.3 "Integrating Capacitor", Integrating Capacitor for more details. Integration resistor connection. Use a 47k resistor for a 200mV full scale range and a 470k resistor for 2V full scale range. The size of the auto-zero capacitor influences system noise. Use a 0.47F capacitor for 200mV full scale, and a 0.047F capacitor for 2V full scale. See Section 4.1 "Auto-Zero Capacitor", Auto-Zero Capacitor for more details. The analog LOW input is connected to this pin. The analog HIGH input signal is connected to this pin. 28 29 36 37 VBUFF CAZ 30 31 32 38 39 40 VINVIN+ COMMON This pin is primarily used to set the Analog Common mode voltage for battery operation, or in systems where the input signal is referenced to the power supply. It also acts as a reference voltage source. See Section 3.1.6 "Analog Common", Analog Common for more details. CREFSee Pin 34. 33 41 DS21457C-page 6 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7116/A/TC7117/A TABLE 2-1: Pin Number (40-Pin PDIP) (40-Pin CERDIP) 34 PIN FUNCTION TABLE (CONTINUED) Pin Number (44-Pin PQFP) 42 Symbol CREF+ Description A 0.1F capacitor is used in most applications. If a large Common mode voltage exists (for example, the VIN- pin is not at analog common), and a 200mV scale is used, a 1F capacitor is recommended and will hold the rollover error to 0.5 count. Positive Power Supply Voltage. The analog input required to generate a full scale output (1999 counts). Place 100mV between Pins 32 and 36 for 199.9mV full scale. Place 1V between Pins 35 and 36 for 2V full scale. See Section 4.6 "Reference Voltage", Reference Voltage. Lamp test. When pulled HIGH (to V+), all segments will be turned on and the display should read -1888. It may also be used as a negative supply for externally generated decimal points. See Section 3.1.7 "Test", TEST for additional information. See Pin 40. See Pin 40. Pins 40, 39, 38 make up the oscillator section. For a 48kHz clock (3 readings per section), connect Pin 40 to the junction of a 100k resistor and a 100pF capacitor. The 100k resistor is tied to Pin 39 and the 100pF capacitor is tied to Pin 38. 35 36 43 44 V+ VREF+ 37 3 TEST 38 39 40 4 6 7 OSC3 OSC2 OSC1 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 7 TC7116/A/TC7117/A 3.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION (All Pin Designations Refer to 40-Pin PDIP.) Since the comparator is included in the loop, AZ accuracy is limited only by system noise. The offset referred to the input is less than 10V. 3.1 Analog Section 3.1.2 SIGNAL INTEGRATE PHASE Figure 3-1 shows the block diagram of the analog section for the TC7116/TC7116A and TC7117/TC7117A. Each measurement cycle is divided into three phases: (1) Auto-Zero (AZ), (2) Signal Integrate (INT), and (3) Reference Integrate (REF), or De-integrate (DE). 3.1.1 AUTO-ZERO PHASE High and low inputs are disconnected from the pins and internally shorted to analog common. The reference capacitor is charged to the reference voltage. A feedback loop is closed around the system to charge the auto-zero capacitor (CAZ) to compensate for offset voltages in the buffer amplifier, integrator, and comparator. The auto-zero loop is opened, the internal short is removed, and the internal high and low inputs are connected to the external pins. The converter then integrates the differential voltages between VIN+ and VINfor a fixed time. This differential voltage can be within a wide Common mode range: 1V of either supply. However, if the input signal has no return with respect to the converter power supply, VIN- can be tied to analog common to establish the correct Common mode voltage. At the end of this phase, the polarity of the integrated signal is determined. CREF+ V+ 10A VIN+ 31 INT AZ Analog Common VIN32 30 INT 34 CREF VREF+ 36 AZ RINT CREF33 - + DE (+) AZ - + Low Temp. Drift Zener VREF VBUFF 28 V+ 35 CAZ Auto-Zero 29 Integrator - + CINT VINT 27 + DE (-) To Digital Section Comparator DE (+) DE (-) V+ -3V AZ & DE () 26 V- TC7116 TC7116A TC7117 TC7117A FIGURE 3-1: 3.1.3 Analog Section of TC7116/TC7116A and TC7117/TC7117A 3.1.4 REFERENCE REFERENCE INTEGRATE PHASE The final phase is reference integrate, or de-integrate. Input low is internally connected to analog common and input high is connected across the previously charged reference capacitor. Circuitry within the chip ensures that the capacitor will be connected with the correct polarity to cause the integrator output to return to zero. The time required for the output to return to zero is proportional to the input signal. The digital reading displayed is: The positive reference voltage (VREF+) is referred to analog common. EQUATION 3-1: 1000 = VIN VREF DS21457C-page 8 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7116/A/TC7117/A 3.1.5 DIFFERENTIAL INPUT This input can accept differential voltages anywhere within the Common mode range of the input amplifier or, specifically, from 1V below the positive supply to 1V above the negative supply. In this range, the system has a CMRR of 86dB, typical. However, since the integrator also swings with the Common mode voltage, care must be exercised to ensure that the integrator output does not saturate. A worst-case condition would be a large, positive Common mode voltage with a near full scale negative differential input voltage. The negative input signal drives the integrator positive, when most of its swing has been used up by the positive Common mode voltage. For these critical applications, the integrator swing can be reduced to less than the recommended 2V full scale swing with little loss of accuracy. The integrator output can swing within 0.3V of either supply without loss of linearity. Analog common is also used as VIN- return during auto-zero and de-integrate. If VIN- is different from analog common, a Common mode voltage exists in the system and is taken care of by the excellent CMRR of the converter. However, in some applications, VIN- will be set at a fixed, known voltage (power supply common for instance). In this application, analog common should be tied to the same point, thus removing the Common mode voltage from the converter. The same holds true for the reference voltage; if it can be conveniently referenced to analog common, it should be. This removes the Common mode voltage from the reference system. Within the IC, analog common is tied to an N-channel FET, that can sink 30mA or more of current to hold the voltage 3V below the positive supply (when a load is trying to pull the analog common line positive). However, there is only 10A of source current, so analog common may easily be tied to a more negative voltage, thus overriding the internal reference. 3.1.6 ANALOG COMMON This pin is included primarily to set the Common mode voltage for battery operation (TC7116/TC7116A), or for any system where the input signals are floating, with respect to the power supply. The analog common pin sets a voltage approximately 2.8V more negative than the positive supply. This is selected to give a minimum end of life battery voltage of about 6V. However, analog common has some attributes of a reference voltage. When the total supply voltage is large enough to cause the Zener to regulate (>7V), the analog common voltage will have a low voltage coefficient (0.001%), low output impedance (15), and a temperature coefficient of less than 20ppm/C, typically, and 50 ppm maximum. The TC7116/TC7117 temperature coefficients are typically 80ppm/C. An external reference may be used, if necessary, as shown in Figure 3-2. 3.1.7 TEST The TEST pin serves two functions. On the TC7117/ TC7117A, it is coupled to the internally generated digital supply through a 500 resistor. Thus, it can be used as a negative supply for externally generated segment drivers, such as decimal points, or any other presentation the user may want to include on the LCD. (Figure 3-3 and Figure 3-4 show such an application.) No more than a 1mA load should be applied. The second function is a "lamp test." When TEST is pulled HIGH (to V+), all segments will be turned ON and the display should read -1888. The TEST pin will sink about 10mA under these conditions. V+ V+ 4049 V+ V+ TC7116 TC7116A BP 21 TC7116 TC7116A TC7117 TC7117A VREF+ 6.8k TEST 37 GND To LCD Decimal Point To LCD Backplane 20k 1.2V REF FIGURE 3-3: Decimal Point Simple Inverter for Fixed COMMON FIGURE 3-2: Reference Using an External (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 9 TC7116/A/TC7117/A V+ V+ BP TC7116 TC7116A Decimal Point Select 4030 GND To LCD Decimal Point large P-channel source follower. This supply is made stiff to absorb the relative large capacitive currents when the backplane (BP) voltage is switched. The BP frequency is the clock frequency 4800. For 3 readings per second, this is a 60Hz square wave with a nominal amplitude of 5V. The segments are driven at the same frequency and amplitude, and are in phase with BP when OFF, but out of phase when ON. In all cases, negligible DC voltage exists across the segments. Figure is the digital section of the TC7117/TC7117A. It is identical to the TC7116/TC7116A, except that the regulated supply and BP drive have been eliminated, and the segment drive is typically 8mA. The 1000's output (Pin 19) sinks current from two LED segments, and has a 16mA drive capability. The TC7117/TC7117A are designed to drive common anode LED displays. In both devices, the polarity indication is ON for analog inputs. If VIN- and VIN+ are reversed, this indication can be reversed also, if desired. TEST FIGURE 3-4: Exclusive "OR" Gate for Decimal Point Drive 3.2 Digital Section Figure 3-5 and Figure show the digital section for TC7116/TC7116A and TC7117/TC7117A, respectively. For the TC7116/TC7116A (Figure 3-5), an internal digital ground is generated from a 6V Zener diode and a TC7116 TC7116A 21 LCD Phase Driver Typical Segment Output V+ 0.5mA Segment Output 2mA Internal Digital Ground Thousands To Switch Drivers From Comparator Output Hundreds Tens Units Latch 7-Segment Decode 7-Segment Decode 7-Segment Decode Backplane /200 35 Clock /4 Logic Control VTH = 1V 40 OSC1 39 OSC2 38 OSC3 Internal Digital Ground 1 HLDR ~70k 6.2V 500 26 37 V+ TEST V- FIGURE 3-5: TC7116/TC7116A Digital Section DS21457C-page 10 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7116/A/TC7117/A 3.2.1 SYSTEM TIMING The clocking method used for the TC7116/TC7116A and TC7117/TC7117A is shown in Figure . Three clocking methods may be used: 1. 2. 3. An external oscillator connected to Pin 40. A crystal between Pins 39 and 40. An RC network using all three pins. To achieve maximum rejection of 60Hz pickup, the signal integrate cycle should be a multiple of 60Hz. Oscillator frequencies of 240kHz, 120kHz, 80kHz, 60kHz, 48kHz, 40kHz, etc. should be selected. For 50Hz rejection, oscillator frequencies of 200kHz, 100kHz, 66-2/3kHz, 50kHz, 40kHz, etc. would be suitable. Note that 40kHz (2.5 readings per second) will reject both 50Hz and 60Hz. The oscillator frequency is /4 before it clocks the decade counters. It is then further divided to form the three convert cycle phases: Signal Integrate (1000 counts), Reference De-integrate (0 to 2000 counts), and Auto-Zero (1000 to 3000 counts). For signals less than full scale, auto-zero gets the unused portion of reference de-integrate. This makes a complete measure cycle of 4000 (16,000 clock pulses), independent of input voltage. For 3 readings per second, an oscillator frequency of 48kHz would be used. 3.2.2 HOLD READING INPUT When HLDR is at a logic HIGH, the latch will not be updated. Analog-to-Digital conversions will continue, but will not be updated until HLDR is returned to LOW. To continuously update the display, connect to TEST (TC7116/TC7116A) or GROUND (TC7117/TC7117A), or disconnect. This input is CMOS compatible with 70k typical resistance to TEST (TC7116/TC7116A) or GROUND (TC7117/TC7117A). TC7117 TC7117A Typical Segment Output V+ 0.5mA To Segment 8mA Digital Ground Internal Digital Ground Thousands To Switch Drivers From Comparator Output 35 37 Clock /4 Control Logic 500 21 40 OSC1 39 OSC2 38 OSC3 1 ~70k HLDR Digital GND V+ TEST Hundreds Tens Units Latch 7-Segment Decode 7-Segment Decode 7-Segment Decode V+ FIGURE 3-6: TC7117/TC7117A Digital Section (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 11 TC7116/A/TC7117/A 4.0 4.1 COMPONENT VALUE SELECTION Auto-Zero Capacitor 4.5 Oscillator Components For all frequency ranges, a 100k resistor is recommended; the capacitor is selected from the equation: The size of the auto-zero capacitor has some influence on system noise. For 200mV full scale, where noise is very important, a 0.47F capacitor is recommended. On the 2V scale, a 0.047F capacitor increases the speed of recovery from overload and is adequate for noise on this scale. EQUATION 4-1: f = 0.45 -----RC For a 48kHz clock (3 readings per second), C = 100pF. 4.6 Reference Voltage 4.2 Reference Capacitor A 0.1F capacitor is acceptable in most applications. However, where a large Common mode voltage exists (i.e., the VIN- pin is not at analog common), and a 200mV scale is used, a larger value is required to prevent rollover error. Generally, 1F will hold the rollover error to 0.5 count in this instance. 4.3 Integrating Capacitor The integrating capacitor should be selected to give the maximum voltage swing that ensures tolerance buildup will not saturate the integrator swing (approximately 0.3V from either supply). In the TC7116/TC7116A or the TC7117/TC7117A, when the analog common is used as a reference, a nominal 2V full scale integrator swing is acceptable. For the TC7117/TC7117A, with 5V supplies and analog common tied to supply ground, a 3.5V to 4V swing is nominal. For 3 readings per second (48kHz clock), nominal values for CINT are 0.221F and 0.10F, respectively. If different oscillator frequencies are used, these values should be changed in inverse proportion to maintain the output swing. The integrating capacitor must have low dielectric absorption to prevent rollover errors. Polypropylene capacitors are recommended for this application. To generate full scale output (2000 counts), the analog input requirement is VIN = 2VREF. Thus, for the 200mV and 2V scale, VREF should equal 100mV and 1V, respectively. In many applications, where the ADC is connected to a transducer, a scale factor exists between the input voltage and the digital reading. For instance, in a measuring system, the designer might like to have a full scale reading when the voltage from the transducer is 700mV. Instead of dividing the input down to 200mV, the designer should use the input voltage directly and select VREF = 350mV. Suitable values for integrating resistor and capacitor would be 120kW and 0.22F. This makes the system slightly quieter and also avoids a divider network on the input. The TC7117/ TC7117A, with 5V supplies, can accept input signals up to 4V. Another advantage of this system is when a digital reading of zero is desired for VIN 0. Temperature and weighing systems with a variable tare are examples. This offset reading can be conveniently generated by connecting the voltage transducer between VIN+ and analog common, and the variable (or fixed) offset voltage between analog common and VIN-. 4.4 Integrating Resistor Both the buffer amplifier and the integrator have a class A output stage with 100A of quiescent current. They can supply 20A of drive current with negligible nonlinearity. The integrating resistor should be large enough to remain in this very linear region over the input voltage range, but small enough that undue leakage requirements are not placed on the PC board. For 2V full scale, 470k is near optimum and, similarly, 47k for 200mV full scale. DS21457C-page 12 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7116/A/TC7117/A 5.0 TC7117/TC7117A POWER SUPPLIES The TC7117/TC7117A are designed to operate from 5V supplies. However, if a negative supply is not available, it can be generated with a TC7660 DC-to-DC converter and two capacitors. Figure 5-1 shows this application. In selected applications, a negative supply is not required. The conditions for using a single +5V supply are: 1. 2. 3. The input signal can be referenced to the center of the Common mode range of the converter. The signal is less than 1.5V. An external reference is used. +5V 35 V+ 36 VREF+ LED Drive 32 + VIN - TC7117 COM TC7117A V + 31 IN 8 2 + 10F 4 3+ 10F TC7660 5 (-5V) V26 VINGND 30 21 FIGURE 5-1: Negative Power Supply Generation with TC7660 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 13 TC7116/A/TC7117/A 6.0 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS The TC7117/TC7117A sink the LED display current, causing heat to build up in the IC package. If the internal voltage reference is used, the changing chip temperature can cause the display to change reading. By reducing the LED common anode voltage, the TC7117/ TC7117A package power dissipation is reduced. Figure 6-1 is a curve tracer display showing the relationship between output current and output voltage for typical TC7117CPL/TC7117ACPL devices. Since a typical LED has 1.8V across it at 8mA and its common anode is connected to +5V, the TC7117/TC7117A output is at 3.2V (Point A, Figure 6-1). Maximum power dissipation is 8.1mA x 3.2V x 24 segments = 622mW. However, notice that once the TC7117/TC7117A's output voltage is above 2V, the LED current is essentially constant as output voltage increases. Reducing the output voltage by 0.7V (Point B Figure 6-1) results in 7.7mA of LED current, only a 5% reduction. Maximum power dissipation is now only 7.7mA x 2.5V x 24 = 462mW, a reduction of 26%. An output voltage reduction of 1V (Point C) reduces LED current by 10% (7.3mA), but power dissipation by 38% (7.3mA x 2.2V x 24 = 385mW). Reduced power dissipation is very easy to obtain. Figure 6-2 shows two ways: either a 5.1, 1/4W resistor, or a 1A diode placed in series with the display (but not in series with the TC7117/TC7117A). The resistor reduces the TC7117/TC7117A's output voltage (when all 24 segments are ON) to Point C of Figure 6-1. When segments turn off, the output voltage will increase. The diode, however, will result in a relatively steady output voltage, around Point B. In addition to limiting maximum power dissipation, the resistor reduces change in power dissipation as the display changes. The effect is caused by the fact that, as fewer segments are ON, each ON output drops more voltage and current. For the best-case of six segments (a "111" display) to worst-case (a "1888" display), the resistor circuit will change about 230mW, while a circuit without the resistor will change about 470mW. Therefore, the resistor will reduce the effect of display dissipation on reference voltage drift by about 50%. The change in LED brightness caused by the resistor is almost unnoticeable as more segments turn off. If display brightness remaining steady is very important to the designer, a diode may be used instead of the resistor. +5V 10.000 + 1M TP3 In - -5V Output Current (mA) 9.000 24k 150k 0.47 F 0.22 F 47 k 30 TP 4 Display A B C TP5 100 k 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 1k 100 pF TP2 TP1 35 0.1 F 8.000 7.000 6.000 2.00 0.01 F 40 21 O ut put V o lt a ge ( V ) 1 TC7117 TC7117A 10 20 FIGURE 6-1: TC7117/TC7117A Output vs. Output Voltage Display 1.5W, 1/4 1N4001 FIGURE 6-2: Diode or Resistor Limits Package Power Dissipation DS21457C-page 14 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7116/A/TC7117/A Set VREF = 100mV 100k 100pF 22k 0.1pF 1k 1M + In + 47k 0.22F - - 9V TC7116 TC7116A 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 0.01F 0.47F To Display To Backplane FIGURE 6-3: Second - RPS) TC7116/TC7117A Using the Internal Reference (200 mV Full Scale, 3 Readings Per TC7117 TC7117A Set VREF = 100mV 40 100k 39 38 37 100pF 36 22k 35 34 0.1pF 1k 33 1M 32 31 0.01F 30 0.47F 29 47k 28 27 0.22F 26 25 24 23 To Display 22 21 +5V + In - -5V FIGURE 6-4: TC7117/TC7117A Internal Reference (200 mV Full Scale, 3 RPS, VIN- Tied to GND for Single Ended Inputs (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 15 TC7116/A/TC7117/A V+ To Logic VCC 35 To Logic GND 40 TC7116 TC7116A O/R U/R 20 CD4023 or 74C10 26 V- 21 CD4077 O/R = Over Range U/R = Under Range FIGURE 6-5: Outputs Circuit for Developing Under Range and Over Range Signals From TC7116/TC7117A TC7117 TC7117A 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 100k 100pF Set VREF = 100mV 10k 0.1pF 1k 1.2V 0.01F 0.47F 47k 0.22F 10k V+ + 1M - In To Display FIGURE 6-6: TC7117/TC7117A With A 1.2 External Bandgap Reference (VIN- Tied to Common) DS21457C-page 16 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7116/A/TC7117/A Set VREF = 1V 100k 100pF 24k V+ 0.1F 25k 1M + In - 470k 0.22F V- TC7116 TC7116A TC7117 TC7117A 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 0.01F 0.047F To Display FIGURE 6-7: TC7117A) Recommended Component Values for 2V Full Scale (TC7116/TC7116A and TC7117/ TC7117 TC7117A 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 100k 100pF Set VREF = 100mV 10k 0.1pF 1k 1.2V 0.01F 0.47F 47k 0.22F 10k V+ + 1M - In To Display FIGURE 6-8: TC7117/TC7117A Operated From Single +5V Supply (An External Reference Must be Used in This Application) (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 17 TC7116/A/TC7117/A 7.0 7.1 PACKAGING INFORMATION Package Marking Information Package marking data not available at this time. 7.2 Taping Form Component Taping Orientation for 44-Pin PLCC Devices User Direction of Feed Pin 1 W P Standard Reel Component Orientation for 713 Suffix Device Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size Package Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size 44-Pin PLCC 32 mm 24 mm 500 13 in Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins. Component Taping Orientation for 44-Pin PQFP Devices User Direction of Feed Pin 1 W P Standard Reel Component Orientation for 713 Suffix Device Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size Package Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size 44-Pin PQFP 24 mm 16 mm 500 13 in Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins. DS21457C-page 18 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7116/A/TC7117/A 7.3 Package Dimensions 40-Pin PDIP (Wide) Pin 1 .555 (14.10) .530 (13.46) 2.065 (52.45) 2.027 (51.49) .610 (15.49) .590 (14.99) .200 (5.08) .140 (3.56) .150 (3.81) .115 (2.92) .040 (1.02) .020 (0.51) .015 (0.38) .008 (0.20) .700 (17.78) .610 (15.50) .022 (0.56) .015 (0.38) 3 Min. .110 (2.79) .090 (2.29) .070 (1.78) .045 (1.14) Dimensions: inches (mm) 40-Pin CERDIP (Wide) Pin 1 .540 (13.72) .510 (12.95) .098 (2.49) Max. 2.070 (52.58) 2.030 (51.56) .210 (5.33) .170 (4.32) .200 (5.08) .125 (3.18) .030 (0.76) Min. .620 (15.75) .590 (15.00) .060 (1.52) .020 (0.51) .015 (0.38) .008 (0.20) .700 (17.78) .620 (15.75) .150 (3.81) Min. 3 Min. .110 (2.79) .090 (2.29) .065 (1.65) .045 (1.14) .020 (0.51) .016 (0.41) Dimensions: inches (mm) (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 19 TC7116/A/TC7117/A 7.3 Package Dimensions (Continued) W P Standard Reel Component Orientation for 713 Suffix Device Carrier Tape, Number of Components Per Reel and Reel Size Package Carrier Width (W) Pitch (P) Part Per Full Reel Reel Size 44-Pin PLCC 32 mm 24 mm 500 13 in Note: Drawing does not represent total number of pins. Dimensions: inches (mm) 44-Pin PQFP .009 (0.23) .005 (0.13) 7 Max. Pin 1 .018 (0.45) .012 (0.30) .041 (1.03) .026 (0.65) .398 (10.10) .390 (9.90) .557 (14.15) .537 (13.65) .031 (0.80) Typ. .398 (10.10) .390 (9.90) .557 (14.15) .537 (13.65) .010 (0.25) Typ. .083 (2.10) .075 (1.90) .096 (2.45) Max. Dimensions: inches (mm) DS21457C-page 20 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. TC7116/A/TC7117/A PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. PART CODE TC711X X X XXX 6 = LCD 7 = LED } A or blank* R (reversed pins) or blank (CPL pkg only) * "A" parts have an improved reference TC Package Code (see Device Selection Table) (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 21 TC7116/A/TC7117/A NOTES: DS21457C-page 22 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: * * Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip's Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as "unbreakable." * * * Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip's code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer's risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims, suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, KEELOQ, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC, and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. AmpLab, FilterLab, Migratable Memory, MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL, SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, Linear Active Thermistor, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, PICkit, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICLAB, PICtail, PowerCal, PowerInfo, PowerMate, PowerTool, REAL ICE, rfLAB, rfPICDEM, Select Mode, Smart Serial, SmartTel, Total Endurance, UNI/O, WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. (c) 2006, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. Printed on recycled paper. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona, Gresham, Oregon and Mountain View, California. The Company's quality system processes and procedures are for its PICmicro(R) 8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ(R) code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip's quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21457C-page 23 WORLDWIDE SALES AND SERVICE AMERICAS Corporate Office 2355 West Chandler Blvd. Chandler, AZ 85224-6199 Tel: 480-792-7200 Fax: 480-792-7277 Technical Support: http://support.microchip.com Web Address: www.microchip.com Atlanta Alpharetta, GA Tel: 770-640-0034 Fax: 770-640-0307 Boston Westborough, MA Tel: 774-760-0087 Fax: 774-760-0088 Chicago Itasca, IL Tel: 630-285-0071 Fax: 630-285-0075 Dallas Addison, TX Tel: 972-818-7423 Fax: 972-818-2924 Detroit Farmington Hills, MI Tel: 248-538-2250 Fax: 248-538-2260 Kokomo Kokomo, IN Tel: 765-864-8360 Fax: 765-864-8387 Los Angeles Mission Viejo, CA Tel: 949-462-9523 Fax: 949-462-9608 San Jose Mountain View, CA Tel: 650-215-1444 Fax: 650-961-0286 Toronto Mississauga, Ontario, Canada Tel: 905-673-0699 Fax: 905-673-6509 ASIA/PACIFIC Australia - Sydney Tel: 61-2-9868-6733 Fax: 61-2-9868-6755 China - Beijing Tel: 86-10-8528-2100 Fax: 86-10-8528-2104 China - Chengdu Tel: 86-28-8676-6200 Fax: 86-28-8676-6599 China - Fuzhou Tel: 86-591-8750-3506 Fax: 86-591-8750-3521 China - Hong Kong SAR Tel: 852-2401-1200 Fax: 852-2401-3431 China - Qingdao Tel: 86-532-8502-7355 Fax: 86-532-8502-7205 China - Shanghai Tel: 86-21-5407-5533 Fax: 86-21-5407-5066 China - Shenyang Tel: 86-24-2334-2829 Fax: 86-24-2334-2393 China - Shenzhen Tel: 86-755-8203-2660 Fax: 86-755-8203-1760 China - Shunde Tel: 86-757-2839-5507 Fax: 86-757-2839-5571 China - Wuhan Tel: 86-27-5980-5300 Fax: 86-27-5980-5118 China - Xian Tel: 86-29-8833-7250 Fax: 86-29-8833-7256 ASIA/PACIFIC India - Bangalore Tel: 91-80-4182-8400 Fax: 91-80-4182-8422 India - New Delhi Tel: 91-11-5160-8631 Fax: 91-11-5160-8632 India - Pune Tel: 91-20-2566-1512 Fax: 91-20-2566-1513 Japan - Yokohama Tel: 81-45-471- 6166 Fax: 81-45-471-6122 Korea - Gumi Tel: 82-54-473-4301 Fax: 82-54-473-4302 Korea - Seoul Tel: 82-2-554-7200 Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or 82-2-558-5934 Malaysia - Penang Tel: 60-4-646-8870 Fax: 60-4-646-5086 Philippines - Manila Tel: 63-2-634-9065 Fax: 63-2-634-9069 Singapore Tel: 65-6334-8870 Fax: 65-6334-8850 Taiwan - Hsin Chu Tel: 886-3-572-9526 Fax: 886-3-572-6459 Taiwan - Kaohsiung Tel: 886-7-536-4818 Fax: 886-7-536-4803 Taiwan - Taipei Tel: 886-2-2500-6610 Fax: 886-2-2508-0102 Thailand - Bangkok Tel: 66-2-694-1351 Fax: 66-2-694-1350 EUROPE Austria - Wels Tel: 43-7242-2244-399 Fax: 43-7242-2244-393 Denmark - Copenhagen Tel: 45-4450-2828 Fax: 45-4485-2829 France - Paris Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20 Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79 Germany - Munich Tel: 49-89-627-144-0 Fax: 49-89-627-144-44 Italy - Milan Tel: 39-0331-742611 Fax: 39-0331-466781 Netherlands - Drunen Tel: 31-416-690399 Fax: 31-416-690340 Spain - Madrid Tel: 34-91-708-08-90 Fax: 34-91-708-08-91 UK - Wokingham Tel: 44-118-921-5869 Fax: 44-118-921-5820 02/16/06 DS21457C-page 24 (c) 2006 Microchip Technology Inc. |
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